En este artículo se reflexiona sobre los derechos sociales, que son considerados derechos fundamentales y un prerrequisito para la integración política y la autonomía de los ciudadanos. Por tanto, ya se les considere derechos o prerrequisitos para el ejercicio de los derechos, la exclusión del acceso efectivo a ciertos servicios básicos implica una reducción de la ciudadanía como estatus civil y político. Además, la globalización económica ha producido una fuerte restricción en la aplicación estatal de las políticas sociales.

Este artículo reflexiona sobre dos autores que fueron testigos del declive de sendos periodos histórico-políticos, pero en cuyo pensamiento sigue presente el imaginario político que caracterizaba el período pretérito, del mismo modo que sus textos analizan las causas que produjeron tal declive.Así, Isócrates persigue la defensa del ideal democrático griego y la vuelta a la antigua constitución ateniense, denunciando los errores cometidos y proponiendo las condiciones que posibilitarían su restauración; Tocqueville, por su lado, escribe El Antiguo Régimen y la Revolución (...) motivado por el profundo rechazo que las secuelas del torbellino revolucionario produjeron en él, analizando los desaciertos y las motivaciones que hicieron posible el cataclismo histórico puesto en marcha por el proceso revolucionario, a la vez que desenmascara el sistema de opresión y despotismo que se ha consumado con el triunfo de la Revolución. (shrink)

A las puertas de una nueva crisis y ante un fuerte aumento de los niveles de desempleo, desigualdad y precariedad son recurrentes los llamamientos invocando al Estado social. En este contexto, se reflexiona sobre el concepto jurídico de la igualdad y la naturaleza de los derechos sociales, así como por los requisitos materiales necesarios que hay que destinar a los miembros de la comunidad que se encuentran en situación de vulnerabilidad para garantizar su estatus pleno de ciudadano e introducir cierta (...) igualdad en las relaciones sociales, a fin de proporcionar la homogeneidad social suficiente. (shrink)

In this paper we intend to present some medieval foundations, especially Franciscan, of the revitalized civic republicanism of the 20th century. There is an unjustified leap from Rome to the Renaissance that has its origin in the forgetfulness and simplistic view that Hanna Arendt has of medieval thought and Aristotelianism, caused by the historiographic criteria of her time. For this we will show some characteristics of the thought of this new republicanism in order to present the central ideas of four (...) Franciscan authors: Francesc Eiximenis, Bonaventure, Duns Scotus and Alfonso de Castro. First we will try to show the continuity that exists between the Middle Ages and the Modern Age. With this historical approach we intend to analyze that the legitimate aspiration of this new republicanism is distorted and limited if it leaves aside medieval contributions that help to understand more fully the republican pretension the republican pretension that, without rejecting the autonomy of the individual or the sense of community, highlights the interactive nature of social life and instigates him to persevere in the pursuit of the common good. (shrink)

Este artículo, desde posiciones teóricas diversas y a partir de anclajes históricos relevantes, advierte de la necesidad de no bajar la guardia ante comportamientos que promueven la violencia y amenazan la libertad, porque las imposiciones totalitarias siempre han ido precedidas de relatos salvíficos y apelaciones altruistas.

En el presente trabajo abordamos la cuestión metafísica de la potencialidad física y su relación con la potencialidad metafísica como una cuestión que ayuda a comprender la tarea de la metafísica de la ciencia. Para ello nos planteamos tres cuestiones. Una relativa a la relación entre necesidad y contingencia que tiene varias ramificaciones lógicas y naturales, que filosóficamente se vierte en la visión de un mundo fenoménico o real y concomitantemente a la intersección entre la aproximación racional y la empírica. (...) Una segunda abordará la solución dada a esta intersección necesidad-contingencia a través del cálculo de probabilidades y su evolución hacia la probabilidad o potencialidad cuántica. La tercera cuestión tendrá como punto clave las raíces metafísicas medievales que plantea la física cuántica, especialmente la metafísica modal de Juan Duns Escoto. (shrink)

Coincidiendo, más o menos, con el cincuentenario de la muerte de Pío Baroja (1956), este artículo pretende acercarse al modo con que el escritor se enfrentó al hecho histórico. De la mano de su histórico y recreado pariente Eugenio de Aviraneta, el activista héroe de los veintidós tomos de las «Memorias de un hombre de acción», Pío Baroja, animado por un estímulo esencialmente intelectual, se adentra en la historia, entendida como educación del pensamiento que, dice Baroja, explica el presente y (...) predispone para el futuro. En este viaje, que transcurre desde 1912 a 1934, y usando los instrumentos que la literatura posee para expresar el pensamiento, Pío Baroja realiza una profunda reflexión, siempre relativizado por su pesimismo y escepticismo, sobre una generación de la historia de España, capaz de esclarecer lo español. (shrink)

This article presents three studies examining the importance of identification with characters in research on media entertainment. In Study 1 it was found that identification with characters was associated with spectators' degree of enjoyment of feature films of different genres. Study 2 showed that identification with characters predicts the affective impact of a dramatic film and, also, it was associated with greater cognitive elaboration and a more complex reflexive process during the viewing of the dramatic film. In Study 3 it (...) was observed that identification with characters predicted the incidental impact of a full length fictional film on attitudes and beliefs. These results support the centrality of the construct of identification with characters in narrative persuasion research. (shrink)

Singer’s utilitarian and Regan’s deontological views must be rejected because: (1) they rely on criteria for moral standing that can only be known a priori and (2) if these criteria were successful, they’d be too restrictive. I hold that while mental properties may be sufficient for moral standing, they are not necessary. (3) Their criteria of moral standing do not unambiguously abrogate needless harm to animals. I defend a theory of biocentric individualism that upholds the principle of species egalitarianism while (...) at the same time recognizing that in certain cases, human needs must outweigh the needs of non-humans. On this view, moral consideration is not conferred only on beings that have human-like mental properties. Finally, it offers an unambiguous recommendation for the abolition of harmful animal experimentation, factory farming, and killing animals for sport. (shrink)

Por un lado, se defiende el carácter vinculante del precedente judicial (vertical) como instrumento para asegurar el valor de la seguridad (y otros valores jurídicos). Pero por otro lado, la Constitución establece la independencia de los jueces “sometidos únicamente al imperio de la ley”. En este trabajo, se propone una conciliación de ambas posturas, reconociendo fuerza vinculante ‘incondicionada’ a la ley y fuerza vinculante pero ‘condicionada’ al precedente.

This study focuses on a news framing analysis of Latin America and Latin Americans in the Spanish press. For this purpose 1,271 news articles with different Latin American countries or their citizens as main actors were examined. These news stories had been published by the main Spanish newspapers in 1999. The results reveal that attribution of responsibility, human interest, and conflict constitute the prevailing frames used by the Spanish press. Furthermore, significant differences in the considered variables in terms of main (...) country actor were observed. Venezuela and Colombia, in particular, are associated with armed conflicts, natural disasters, crimes, and accidents using human interest and conflict news frames. This leads to a necessary consideration of the consequences this type of news coverage on Latin America may generate, and whether it will reinforce stereotypes or prejudices in the Spanish audience against peoples from these countries, especially those with a high migratory influx to Spain. (shrink)

Three studies are presented to validate the Spanish version of Oliver and Raney’s eudaimonic and hedonic motivations scale. In Study 1, 132 university students watched a dramatic film, filling out the scales to evaluate motivations regarding cinema consumption and reception processes. Eudaimonic motivation was associated with deeper cognitive processes during the reception and stronger identification with the protagonist. Study 2 evaluated the test-retest reliability of the eudaimonic and hedonic motivations scale. In Study 3, statistically significant age differences were observed in (...) hedonic and eudaimonic motivations. Furthermore, convergent correlations were detected between hedonic and eudaimonic motivations and preferences of different film genres. These results allow us to conclude that the Spanish version of the hedonic and eudaimonic motivations scale presents adequate psychometric properties, thus being convergent with those obtained by Oliver and Raney. (shrink)

El sometimiento del juez a la ley está comprendido en el más general “principio de legalidad”, cuya consagración jurídico-positiva aconteció en el siglo XVIII (en Europa, sobre todo, tras la Revolución Francesa). Pero la relación entre el Juez y la Ley, que en aquel contexto no plantaba problemas (el juez debía aplicar la ley, supuestamente certa et clara), se inserta ahora en un marco (teórico, político e institucional) muy diferente. En el interior de un sistema, la alteración de uno de (...) sus elementos suele entrañar la necesidad de modificar algunos de los restantes, o de todos; de lo contrario, el sistema o bien se desestructura, o bien se convierte en otro distinto. En una inicial relación triangular entre Ley, Juez y Certeza, la posterior redefinición de la Ley en clave post-positivista pero manteniendo inalterado el concepto positivista primigenio de Certeza, acarrea la desnaturalización del Juez constitucional (el cual pierde uno de sus atributos esenciales: la independencia). (shrink)

A large part of technological advances, especially in the field of industry, have been focused on the optimization of productive processes. However, the detection of anomalies has turned out to be a great challenge in fields like industry, medicine or stock markets. The present work addresses anomaly detection on a control level plant. We propose the application of different intelligent techniques, which allow to obtain one-class classifiers using real data taken from the correct plant operation. The performance of each classifier (...) is assessed and validated with real created faults, achieving successful overall results. (shrink)

This article addresses the question raised by the Anthropocene of rethinking the concept of autonomy which, in the conditions of the new geological epoch, is subject to a crisis of legitimation. It explores the ‘strong hypothesis’ according to which nature is a necessary condition of our qualitative experience of the world and a constitutive relation of autonomy defined as the self-realisation of individual identity. With this aim in mind, the article attempts to rethink the concept of recognition in order to (...) conceive a recognising attitude of nature in the form of love of nature as a form of adequate recognition. Rethinking recognition can serve as foundation of an ‘objective’ theory of autonomy, that is, a theory that explains how nature can be defined as a condition and constitutive relation of autonomy. The article, therefore, proposes to reformulate the concept of autonomy as the self-realisation of an ecological or environmental identity in the form of the self-realisation of an ecological ethos, that is, an attitude of respect and care for nature. This enquiry, ultimately, is a contribution to the task of rethinking the basis of our conceptions of autonomy and freedom in the Anthropocene, so that the idea of autonomy can legitimately constitute the central value of the social transformation that is needed to face the ecological crisis. (shrink)

Nowadays, the quality standards of higher education institutions pay special attention to the performance and evaluation of the students. Then, having a complete academic record of each student, such as number of attempts, average grade and so on, plays a key role. In this context, the existence of missing data, which can happen for different reasons, leads to affect adversely interesting future analysis. Therefore, the use of imputation techniques is presented as a helpful tool to estimate the value of missing (...) data. This work deals with the academic records of engineering students, in which imputation techniques are applied. More specifically, it is assessed and compared to the performance of the multivariate imputation by chained equations methodology, the adaptive assignation algorithm based on multivariate adaptive regression splines and a hybridization based on self-organisation maps with Mahalanobis distances and AAA algorithm. The results show that proposed methods obtain successfully results regardless the number of missing values, in general terms. (shrink)

En el presente artículo analizaremos el rol de la autobiografía en Tiempo y narración, intentando comprender los motivos por los que este género literario no tiene tanta relevancia en la obra de Ricoeur. En lo referente a su relación con la identidad narrativa,sostendremos que, a pesar de lo que se podría suponer, la identidad narrativa es una derivación del análisis de la autobiografía y no a la inversa. Invertido este vínculo, nuestro segundo paso consistirá en deslindar el tipo de relación (...) que tienen las ficciones literarias y los relatos de vida en la identidad narrativa. (shrink)

The quasispecies theory is a helpful concept in the explanation of RNA virus evolution and behaviour, with a relevant impact on methods used to fight viral diseases. It has undergone some adaptations to integrate new empirical data, especially the non-deterministic nature of mutagenesis, and the variety of behavioural motifs in cooperation, competition, communication, innovation, integration, and exaptation. Also, the consortial structure of quasispecies with complementary roles of memory genomes of minority populations better fits the empirical data than did the original (...) concept of a master sequence and its mutant spectra. The high productivity of quasispecies variants generates unique sequences that never existed before and will never exist again. In the present essay, we underline that such sequences represent really new ontological entities, not just error copies of previous ones. Their primary unique property, the incredible variant production, is suggested here as quasispecies productivity, which replaces the error-replication narrative to better fit into a new relationship between mankind and living nature in the twenty-first century. (shrink)

Tailoring assistive systems for guiding and monitoring an individual in daily living activities is a complex task. This paper presents ALI, an assistive system combining a formal possibilistic argumentation system and an informal model of human activity: the Cultural-Historic Activity Theory, facilitating the delivery of tailored advices to a human actor. We follow an activity-centric approach, taking into consideration the human’s motives, goals and prioritized actions. ALI tracks a person in order to I) determine what activities were performed over a (...) period of time (activity recognition tracking), and II) send personalized notifications suggesting the most suitable activities to perform (decision-making monitoring). The ALI system was evaluated in a formative pilot study related to promote social activities and physical exercise. (shrink)

En este trabajo se pretende mostrar el sentido político que adquirió la defensa de la teoría por parte de Adorno en los últimos años de su vida. él empleó esta defensa como una respuesta a los imperativos de los estudiantes de izquierda de plegar la teoría crítica a la intervención práctica inmediata. Para justificar esta tesis se atiende no sólo a lo que decía, sino también, en un nivel discursivo diferente, a lo que estaba haciendo cuando empleaba concentraciones de términos (...) y enunciados densos y eruditos para manifestarse. Esto lleva a incluir las reflexiones y valoraciones de Adorno referentes a la actitud teorética y a la praxis, principalmente aquellas esbozadas en Dialéctica negativa, en un contexto más amplio. This work pretends to show the political sense that the defense of the theory by Adorno acquired in the last years of his life. He used this defense as an answer to the students's imperatives of applying the critical theory to the immediate practical intervention. In order to justify this thesis will be considered not only what Adorno said, but also, in a different discursive level, what he was doing on having used concentrations of terms and dense and erudite declarations. This entails, then, to relate Adorno's reflections and assessments concerning to the theoretical and practical approach -specially those outlined in Negative Dialectic- to a broader contextual framework. (shrink)

The use of batteries became essential in our daily life in electronic devices, electric vehicles and energy storage systems in general terms. As they play a key role in many devices, their design and implementation must follow a thorough test process to check their features at different operating points. In this circumstance, the appearance of any kind of deviation from the expected operation must be detected. This research deals with real data registered during the testing phase of a lithium iron (...) phosphate—LiFePO4—battery. The process is divided into four different working points, alternating charging, discharging and resting periods. This work proposes a hybrid classifier, based on one-class techniques, whose aim is to detect anomalous situations during the battery test. The faults are created by modifying the measured cell temperature a slight ratio from their real value. A detailed analysis of each technique performance is presented. The average performance of the chosen classifier presents successful results. (shrink)

C’est à Disidentification : Queers of Color and the Performance of Politics de José Esteban Muñoz que l’on doit la diffusion du concept de désidentification. L’historien de l’art l’utilise pour désigner ces artistes queers noir·es et latinx qui ont développé des techniques pour ne pas répondre à l’injonction institutionnelle à produire un art « ethnique » ou estampillé « queer ». Dans cet extrait, le minimalisme de Felix González-Torres permet d’aborder la désidentité sous la forme d’œuvres qui déjouent les (...) interpellations stigmatisantes du multiculturalisme tout en s’adressant au contre-public des allié·es. (shrink)

La historia de la filosofía redescubierta a través del singular prisma de la fenomenología del cuerpo no se presenta ya como la historia de las grandes ideas, sino de algunas pequeñas preguntas: una historia de los restos, las sombras y los márgenes de la filosofía. Merleau-Ponty saca a la luz fragmentos de esa otra historia sirviéndose de un único procedimiento cuya práctica constante no parece expresar tanto un método como una obsesión, cuando insiste en formular a los filósofos del pasado (...) la misma pequeña pregunta con la que interpelaba a su amigo Althusser mientras discutían por la madrugada: "Pero usted también tiene un cuerpo, ¿no es así?". Cada filosofía, señala Merleau-Ponty, es una elección filosófica, pero "por más que los filósofos escojan, su elección siempre está acompañada, como al margen, de la sospecha de lo que han dejado de lado". Ese margen acompaña a cada filósofo como su propia sombra. Esta obra explora las distintas aproximaciones de Merleau-Ponty a ciertas obras canónicas de la historia de la filosofía. Acompañar el diálogo de su fenomenología con las célebres teorías del conocimiento de Aristóteles, Descartes, Hume, Kant, Bergson o Husserl significa simultáneamente esbozar una historia de las filosofías del cuerpo y el sentir. Esteban A. García es Doctor en Filosofía por la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Se desempeña como Profesor de Gnoseología en la misma universidad y como Investigador Independiente en el Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina). Es autor de los libros Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Filosofía, corporalidad y percepción (2012); Percepción y lectura en la filosofía de Simone Weil (2015) y de numerosas publicaciones en las áreas de fenomenología, filosofía francesa contemporánea y filosofía moderna. (shrink)

In this paper I aim to think about a set of different issues in relation to Marx’s philosophy on the light of the experience of Paris Commune. More specifically, I would like to point out that Marx’s experience facing the Commune could be constituted as a revealing indicator of some of the most significant outlines of his philosophy. Firstly, I am proposing an analysis of the letter from Marx to Ruge in Kreuznach with the purpose of thinking over young Marx’s (...) revolution idea by identifying two critical aspects that modify and project it transformed towards the Commune. In second place, I present a re-reading of The Civil War in France crossed by an internal disjunction between the scientific, political and philosophical words that are present in Marx, but that resist to be reappropriated in a single speech. (shrink)

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has hit almost all countries around the globe, seriously affecting the welfare of populations. Spain is especially hard-hit. In this context, the purpose of the present study is to analyze social, demographic, and economic correlates of mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in the population residing in Spain.MethodThe sample of this cross-sectional study was comprised of 801 participants aged 18 or older and residing in Spain. Data collection was carried out during March and April 2020. Data of (...) mental health and well-being indicators, and those of a wide number of social, demographic, and economic variables were recorded. Linear regression models were built to value associations between mental health and social, demographic, and economic indicators.ResultsMental health morbidity was higher in women, younger people, individuals with medium studies, people with fewer children, singles, students, and unemployed individuals. Positive affect was higher among women, people with a high level of studies, those not co-living with dependent seniors, the self-employed, the employed, and those working outside home. Negative affect was negatively associated with age and number of children and was higher among women, people with basic studies, singles, individuals co-living with dependent seniors, homemakers, and students.ConclusionThe most vulnerable populations were found to be women, younger people, people with basic or medium studies, students and individuals with no remunerated activities, single populations, and those co-living with dependent seniors as well as those with a reduced number of children. (shrink)

The meanings of utterances and thoughts are commonly regarded in philosophical semantics as abstract objects, called «propositions», which account for how different utterances and thoughts can be synonymous and which constitute the primary truth-bearers. I argue that meanings are instead natural properties that play causal roles in the world, that the kind of «One over Many» thinking underlying the characterization of shared meanings as abstract objects is misguided and that utterances and thoughts having truth-values in virtue of their meanings does (...) not entail that meanings themselves are truth-bearers. (shrink)

In this paper we intend to show that in Memory, History, Forgetting, Paul Ricœur articulates memory and history through imagination. This philosopher distinguishes two main functions of imagination: a poetical one, associated with interpretation and discourse, and a practical and projective one that clarifies and guides our actions. In Memory, History, Forgetting, both functions of imagination are present, but are associated with different aspects of memory. The first one is present especially in the phenomenology of the cognitive dimension of memory; (...) the second one is developed in the analysis of the abuses of artificial memory, while their convergence is described in the section on the abuses of natural memory. Besides the similarities in the way these functions of imagination operate in Oneself as Another and in Memory, History, Forgetting, we will show some important differences between these two works and we will propose reasons for these differences. Keywords: Poetical Imagination, Practical Imagination, Abused Memory, Ideology, Utopy. Résumé Dans cet article nous souhaiterions montrer que, dans La mémoire, l’histoire, l’oubli, l’imagination productrice est ce qui permet d’articuler la mémoire et l´histoire. Ricœur distingue deux principales fonctions de l’imagination: l’une, poétique, associée à l’interprétation et au discours ; l’autre pratique et projective, qui éclaire et oriente nos actions. Dans La mémoire, l’histoire, l’oubli, ces deux fonctions de l’imagination sont présentes mais elles sont associées à des aspects différents de la mémoire. La première est surtout présente dans la phénoménologie de la dimension cognitive de la mémoire, la seconde apparaît dans l’analyse des abus de la mémoire artificielle, et l’articulation entre ces deux fonctions se trouve enfin décrite dans la section concernant l’abus de la mémoire naturelle. Outre les similitudes dans la façon dont ces fonctions de l’imagination opèrent dans Soi-même comme un autre et dans La mémoire, l’histoire, l’oubli, nous essaierons de montrer qu’il existe cependant certaines différences importantes entre ces deux œuvres en tentant d’en expliciter les raisons. Mots-clés: Imagination poétique, imagination pratique, mémoire abusée, idéologie, utopie. (shrink)

I propose a version of teleosemantics for simple animal representations that combines Millikan’s suggestion that they represent the most crucial “normal conditions” required for them to bring about their beneficial behavioral effects with Neander’s suggestion that they represent their “normal causes”. The content of a simple representation is the most crucial among the normal conditions responsible for its tokens having beneficial behavioral effects that also causes such tokens. I argue that this version delivers more plausible contents than other versions of (...) teleosemantics. Frogs’ prey detectors represent the animals they prey on rather than nutritious or small moving things. (shrink)

This paper intends to show that the experience of the illicit (Unrecht) plays in Hegel's theory of punishment the fundamental role of turning ".

Resumen: This is the first part of a three-part paper on incommensurability. Although incommensurability between theories has been object of study during many years, there does not seem to be a clear consensus regarding the notion of meaning according to which it should be characterised. Based on the notion of incommensurability proposed here, the common ground between incommensurable theories is neither determined by the sense nor by the reference of the relevant terms, but by a given phenomenon type, which fixes (...) the subject matter of inquiry. Phenomenon types are understood as expressions that are associated with some phenomenon and describable or understandable in some language. In this proposal, two theories can refer to a same phenomenon type even if they are mutually incommensurable about the concepts used in them to grasp it. This possibility may serve as a way of fixing the subject matter of an investigation and, thus, to characterise the common ground between incommensurable paths of inquiry.: This is the first part of a three-part paper on incommensurability. Although incommensurability between theories has been object of study during many years, there does not seem to be a clear consensus regarding the notion of meaning according to which it should be characterised. Based on the notion of incommensurability proposed here, the common ground between incommensurable theories is neither determined by the sense nor by the reference of the relevant terms, but by a given phenomenon type, which fixes the subject matter of inquiry. Phenomenon types are understood as expressions that are associated with some phenomenon and describable or understandable in some language. In this proposal, two theories can refer to a same phenomenon type even if they are mutually incommensurable about the concepts used in them to grasp it. This possibility may serve as a way of fixing the subject matter of an investigation and, thus, to characterise the common ground between incommensurable paths of inquiry. (shrink)

Resumen: Este trabajo se propone examinar algunos límites de la célebre descripción merleau-pontiana del cuerpo vivido en términos de “esquema corporal” y “cuerpo habitual”, teniendo en cuenta referencias alternativas del corpus textual del filósofo a ciertas dimensiones de la experiencia corporal que desbordan tal marco. Tras analizar en primer término estas primeras definiciones que esbozan el perfil de un cuerpo hábil y competente correlativo de un entorno pragmático, consideramos seguidamente instancias de comportamientos no teleológicos ni funcionales y espacialidades no objetivas (...) ni instrumentales para concluir mostrando la relación de estos análisis con la tematización merleau-pontiana más amplia de los horizontes naturales de la experiencia. En un segundo plano evaluamos las críticas de exégetas tales como A. Lingis y J. Butler a ciertos déficits de las tesis merleau-pontianas, y relacionamos estas últimas con desarrollos filosóficos que manifiestan ciertas afinidades específicas, tales como los de E. Levinas y R. Caillois.: This paper intends to examine some of the limitations of the well-known MerleauPontian account of the lived body in terms of "body schema" and "habitual body", by taking into account some alternative references of the philosopher’s textual corpus to certain dimensions of corporeal experience that exceed such frames. After analyzing these former definitions that outline the profile of a skillful and competent body correlative of a pragmatic environment, we consider cases of non-teleological and non-functional behaviors and non-objective and non-instrumental spatialities to end up by showing the relationship between these analyses and the wider Merleau-Pontian account of the natural horizons of experience. Secondarily, we evaluate critiques such as A. Lingis’ and J. Butler’s aiming to certain deficits of Merleau-Pontian theses, and we identify certain relations that these theses hold with philosophical developments showing certain specific affinities, such as E. Levinas’ and R. Caillois’. (shrink)

The concept of “abused collective memory” gathers two of Ricœur’s main lines of concern: history and psychoanalysis. The article aims to explain how this convergence was possible, especially, when the transposition of the Freudian metapsychology from the individual to the collective level was hindered by the Ricœurian emphasis on the Freudian libidinal economy. Our hypothesis is that this convergence required two intermediate steps. The first one gathered psychoanalysis and history within the larger framework of otherness as flesh. The second step (...) was a transcendental turn, which would lead Ricœur to inquire about the structures of collective existence that make it possible to apply psychoanalytic categories at that level, rather than considering how this transposition can be done. By taking this turn Ricœur found that a phenomenology of the capable human being was the condition of possibility of a temporal ontology, and then, could describe this ontology as the condition of possibility of his phenomenology. (shrink)

Progress in Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) has proved to be a decisive step in many institutions, following the guidelines and encouragement of the European Union and academic proposals. One of the dimensions recent studies have considered central for making progress in the practical development of theoretical proposals for RRI is the institutionalisation of reflexivity at the core of the organisations that develop RRI. This is particularly the case with the promotion of processes that facilitate the establishment of ethical standards (...) throughout the research and innovation cycle. This study attempts to deal with discourses about the institutional reflexivity formulated in the past 15 years based on RRI from a critical-ethical point of view. It does so using the business ethics theory of discourse. This analysis shows that, for this institutional reflexivity to be possible, it is necessary to base the RRI model on a critical-ethical horizon and design an ethical governance system that allows its practical development. (shrink)

In the present work, I will review how Aristotle understood the connection between reason and emotion - particularly, angry actions - in order to demonstrate that it is due to the presence of intellectual factors that emotions become ethically relevant and not merely an uncontrolled reaction. Then, I will summarize Aristotle's repeated analogies between reason as the master and anger as the slave to explain their connection. My specific contribution to the topic will be to reverse this analogy and, instead (...) of using it as an example of the _lógos-thymós_ connection, make the latter an example of the _despótes-doûlos_ connection as described in Politics I. If my hypothesis is plausible, establishing the actions and virtues of a slave will help shed light on the type of morality inherent in angry actions. (shrink)